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Introduction to the Human Body

webMolecular anatomy (often called molecular biology) is the study of the smallest components of cells at the biochemical level. Anatomy and physiology change remarkably between …

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Overview of Sodium's Role in the Body

webMost of the body’s sodium is located in the blood and in the fluid around cells. Sodium helps the body keep fluids in a normal balance (see About Body Water About Body Water …

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Common Medical Tests

webTests for allergies done by placing a solution containing a possible allergen on the skin, then pricking the skin with a needle. Spinal tap (lumbar puncture) Spinal canal. Removal of …

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Physical Examination of the Older Adult

webThe physical examination of the older adult should include all major systems but with particular attention to areas of concern identified during the history (see also Overview of …

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Changes in the Body With Aging

webThe skin changes partly because collagen (a tough, fibrous tissue that makes skin strong) and elastin (which makes skin flexible) become chemically changed and less flexible; …

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History-Taking in the Older Adult

webA mental status examination How to Assess Mental Status The mental status examination is used to evaluate the patient’s level of consciousness and the content of consciousness. …

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Overview of Geriatric Care

webThe HHS strategic plan for 2022 to 2026 includes the following 5 goals ( 1 ): Strategic goal 1: Protect and strengthen equitable access to high-quality and affordable health care. …

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Medical Assessment of the Patient With Mental Symptoms

webCentral nervous system–active drugs (eg, antiseizure drugs Antiseizure Medications No single medication controls all types of seizures, and different patients require different …

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Quality of Life in Older People

webQuality of life (QOL) is the degree to which a person is healthy, comfortable, and able to participate in or enjoy life events. It is critical for health care practitioners to take quality …

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Riboflavin Deficiency

webRiboflavin deficiency usually occurs with deficiencies of other B vitamins due to a diet low in vitamins or an absorption disorder. People have painful cracks in the corners of the …

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Overview of Sexuality

webSexuality is a normal part of human experience. However, the types of sexual behavior that are considered normal vary greatly within and among different cultures. In fact, defining …

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Acute Interstitial Pneumonia

webAcute interstitial pneumonia is an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that develops suddenly and is severe. (See also Overview of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias .) Acute interstitial …

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Birth Defects of the Ear

webEditors and the Editorial Process Publishing and Production Staff Contributors Content Providers Global Medical Knowledge 2020. Blockage of an artery to the lungs by a blood …

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Overview of Breast Disorders

webOverview of Breast Disorders. Breast disorders may be noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant). Most are noncancerous and not life threatening. Often, they do not require …

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Overview of Mental Illness

webThe line between having certain personality traits (such as being conscientious or orderly) and having a personality disorder Overview of Personality Disorders Personality …

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Overview of Personality Disorders

webPersonality disorders are mental health conditions that involve long-lasting, pervasive patterns of thinking, perceiving, reacting, and relating that cause the person significant …

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Introduction to Geriatrics

webIntroduction to Geriatrics. Geriatrics refers to medical care for older adults, an age group that is not easy to define precisely. Gerontology is the study of aging, including biologic, …

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Overview of Drugs

webA drug is defined by U.S. law as any substance (other than a food or device) intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, relief, treatment, or prevention of disease or intended to affect the …

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Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorders

webWhen the bladder is full, messages travel along nerves from the bladder to the spinal cord. The messages are then relayed to the brain, and the person becomes aware of the urge …

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Routine Psychiatric Assessment

webRoutine Psychiatric Assessment. Michael B. First. Patients with mental complaints or concerns or disordered behavior present in a variety of clinical settings, including primary …

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